Key points
- ✓ Symptoms can overlap.
- ✓ Diagnosis should not be based on appearance alone.
- ✓ Removing standing water reduces mosquito breeding sites.
Understanding the differences
- Dengue often causes fever, pain behind the eyes, muscle aches, nausea, and a rash.
- With chikungunya, severe joint pain may last for weeks or months.
- Zika is often mild, but pregnancy requires special attention because of risks to the baby.
Prevention
- Use insect repellent, clothing that covers the skin, mosquito nets, or window screens.
- Empty, scrub, and cover containers that collect water at least once a week.
- If you are ill, avoid additional mosquito bites during the first week.
Warning signs and when to seek care
- Severe abdominal pain
- Repeated vomiting
- Bleeding
- Marked drowsiness or restlessness
- Difficulty breathing
What not to do
- Until dengue has been ruled out, avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac.
- Do not self-medicate.
Medical references
WHO — Dengue and severe dengue CDC — Chikungunya CDC — ZikaIf you have symptoms, risk factors, or questions about your situation, arrange a professional medical assessment.
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